Signs of a Possible Vitamin D Deficiency: What You Should Know
Vitamin D is often called the "sunshine vitamin" because the body can produce most of it itself through the skin via sun exposure. However, especially in the darker months of the year – from October to March – sun exposure in Germany is often insufficient to meet the body's needs.
What role does Vitamin D play in the body?
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin with the following functions:
- Contributes to the maintenance of normal bones by supporting calcium absorption
- Contributes to normal muscle function
- Contributes to the normal function of the immune system
- Plays a role in cell division
Possible signs of insufficient supply

The following observations are general nutritional guidelines and not a medical diagnosis. For persistent symptoms, we recommend consulting a doctor and having your vitamin D blood level checked.
1. Fatigue and reduced performance
Some people report feeling exhausted with insufficient vitamin D supply, even with adequate sleep.
2. Muscle weakness or muscle pain
Since vitamin D contributes to normal muscle function, a deficiency can manifest as muscle weakness in some people.
3. Mood swings during the darker months
Especially in the winter months, some people observe a connection between a lack of sunlight and their mood.
4. Occasional bone and joint discomfort
Since vitamin D supports calcium absorption, a long-term deficiency can become noticeable in this area.
5. Subjectively weakened immune system
Vitamin D contributes to a normal function of the immune system – a reason why many people pay particular attention to their supply during seasonal changes.
Who is particularly affected?

- People with predominantly indoor activities
- People who consistently use sun protection
- Pregnant and breastfeeding women, whose needs are increased
- Elderly people, as endogenous synthesis via the skin decreases with age
- People with vegan or vegetarian diets
How can I safely determine my vitamin D status?

The signs mentioned above are for initial guidance only. For a reliable assessment, we recommend:
- A blood test to determine the 25(OH)D level
- Consultation with a doctor or pharmacist for the individually appropriate dosage
- Adjustment to personal lifestyle (sun exposure, diet)
Frequently Asked Questions
Is sunlight alone enough to meet the needs?
Sunlight is an important source, but factors such as latitude, season, skin type, and sun protection strongly influence endogenous production – which is why additional intake is often recommended, especially in the winter months.
How do I choose the right vitamin D supplement?
Dosage form (drops, capsules, weekly depot), dosage, and a possible combination with vitamin K2 can play a role in the selection.
This article is for general information only and does not replace medical advice. For health concerns, please consult your doctor or pharmacist.
Sources
- Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung (DGE): Reference values for vitamin D intake
https://www.dge.de/wissenschaft/referenzwerte/vitamin-d/ - Robert Koch-Institut (RKI): Robert Koch Institute's answers to frequently asked questions about vitamin D
https://www.rki.de/DE/Themen/Nichtuebertragbare-Krankheiten/Ernaehrung/FAQ/Vitamin-D/Vitamin-D-FAQ-Liste.html - Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (BfR): Taking high single doses of vitamin D via food supplements at intervals of days or weeks poses health risks (Opinion No. 031/2025, 03.09.2025)
https://www.bfr.bund.de/stellungnahme/einnahme-hoher-einzeldosen-vitamin-d-ueber-nahrungsergaenzungsmittel-im-abstand-von-tagen-oder-wochen-birgt-gesundheitliche-risiken/